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- <text id=94TT0996>
- <title>
- Aug. 01, 1994: Science:What If a Comet Hits Earth?
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
- Aug. 01, 1994 This is the beginning...:Rwanda/Zaire
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- SCIENCE, Page 51
- What If a Comet Hits Earth?
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> Imagine that one of Shoemaker-Levy 9's bigger pieces--a mile
- or two in diameter--is streaking in at 130,000 m.p.h., except
- that the target is not Jupiter but Earth. The mammoth chunk
- of rock and ice tears through the atmosphere and smashes into
- the ground with the force of 6 million H-bombs, gouging out
- a crater the size of Rhode Island and throwing so much pulverized
- real estate into the stratosphere that the sun is blocked for
- months and Earth goes into a worldwide deep freeze. If the comet
- hits an ocean, a pall of dust rises from underwarter sediment,
- and a tidal wave several thousand feet high races across the
- sea and hundreds of miles inland.
- </p>
- <p> If that sounds like science fiction, think again. Comets and
- asteroids have crashed into Earth in the past. Craters marking
- the points of impact are mostly hidden by vegetation, their
- edges softened by erosion. But the size of some of the holes
- suggests that Earth has been hit by intruders at least seveal
- miles in diameter, as big as S-L 9 before it broke up.
- </p>
- <p> It was probably such an object that wiped out the dinosaurs
- 65 million years ago. Realizing that a deadly collision could
- happen again, astronomer Eugene Shoemaker decided nearly two
- decades ago to use a small but powerful telescope to look for
- comets and asteroids headed this way. Five years ago, a member
- of Shoemaker's team saw a chunk of rock perhaps a third of a
- mile across that had just zipped by the planet at a distance
- of only 450,000 miles. There are about 2,000 large bodies that
- cross the orbit of Earth and could, in theory, hit us. That
- is why Shoemaker and his colleagues have for years been urging
- a stepped-up program to search for Earth-crossing comets and
- asteroids. Now S-L 9 has spurred Congress to listen. Last week
- the House Subcommittee on Science, Technology and Space added
- an amendment to the NASA appropriation bill requiring the space
- agency to come up with a plan to find and catalog all menacing
- heavenly intruders within a decade.
- </p>
- <p> What if one turns out to be on a collision course with Earth?
- Star Wars scientists think a nuclear warhead sent out to blow
- the comet off course might work, but others doubt it. Even if
- no one has a good answer yet, lawmakers have taken the first
- step: acknowledging that the threat is real.
- </p>
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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